Most unmanned retail failures are not product failures; they are placement and operations failures. These twelve rules come from revisiting 200+ sites that either scaled or got yanked.
Rule 1: footfall without dwell time is worthless (a corridor past a restroom converts poorly). Rule 2: a machine near a seating area out-earns one near an exit. Rule 3: confirm power and drainage on the site walk, not after sign-off.
Rule 4: cut any SKU below 3% of volume after 30 days. Rule 5: lead with the local habit (tea-dominant regions hate a coffee-only front). Rule 6: price the second item, not the first; bundles lift average ticket more than discounts.
Rule 7: a weekly deep-clean SLA is non-negotiable where dairy is involved. Rule 8: telemetry beats intuition; restock on data, not on a fixed Friday. Rule 9: one owner per cluster of 20 machines, or accountability dissolves.
Rule 10: pull a site at 60 days if yield stays under threshold; sunk cost is not a strategy. Rule 11: document every pull so the next site avoids it. Rule 12: scale the playbook, not the ambition; replicate what worked, not what sounded good.
The gap between a 200-site rollout and a 20-site pilot is operational discipline, not capital. The twelve rules are boring on purpose: boredom is what survives contact with real footfall.